Overview

In early 2025, this website introduced a model for Peltiers largely derived from experiment. Not just any old experiments, but experiments with incredibly high precision measurements of temperature, heat flow, current and voltage under laboratory like conditions, using years of experience working in labs testing medical devices for function and form.

The model successfully predicts Peltier performance in real situations and reveals the critical importance in the careful design of thermal circuits outside the Peltier.

And yet, this model was wrong.

As they say, the best way to learn about something, is to teach it. While making YouTube videos on the subject, the understanding of Peltiers, heat pumps and heat engines has reaches a new level, to the point where the information on this site needs a serious reboot to get the physics right, not just the model.

This is the reboot.